People who had two copies of genes were eight times more likely to remain asymptomatic than those who didn’t carry these variants. People in this group were more likely to carry a gene that coded for a specific kind of HLA molecule called HLA-B*15:01. The researchers then took a closer look at this group to see if there were any similarities in the genes that coded for their HLA molecules, and there were. (Lea Suzuki/San Francisco Chronicle via AP) Lea Suzuki/San Francisco Chronicle/AP/FILEįirst on CNN: Updated Covid shot should be ready by ‘latter part of September,’ HHS secretary says in letter to manufacturers Searching for genes linked to silent Covid-19įor the study, Hollenbach started with people who had been HLA-typed for a large registry of potential bone marrow donors called “Be The Match.” She invited more than 29,000 to enroll in a smartphone-based study where people reported positive test results and recorded their symptoms. The initial “discovery” group consisted of more than 1,400 people who were unvaccinated and reported they’d tested positive for Covid-19 136 of them reported no symptoms associated with their infections.īrian Ong, CVS pharmacist, draws up syringes with the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine as he works at Peninsula Del Rey at the vaccine clinic where COVID-19 vaccinations are given at the senior living community on Friday, Januin Daly City, Calif. Hollenbach says each one will very specifically look for certain kinds of protein fragments and hold them in a certain way so T-cells can see them and learn to make antibodies against them. There are three general groups of HLA: HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DR. Within these groups, there are hundreds of variations of these molecules. So the HLA molecule is sticking up like an arm “then held in the hand is this … small peptide fragment piece of a protein from the virus,” Hollenbach said. They build a memory for the immune system so it can respond if it sees a pathogen again. T cells are immune cells that help the body recognize and remember proteins. Imagine, she says, in a cell that’s ingested the virus that causes Covid-19, some of that virus gets broken down in the cell, and some of its protein fragments would migrate up to the surface, where HLA molecules would grab them and hold them out so T cells could see them. Hollenbach says it’s the job of HLA molecules to present pieces of proteins to the immune system so they can be recognized if they’re ever encountered again. Jill Hollenbach, a professor of neurology the University of California at San Francisco’s Weill Institute for Neurosciences. “I kind of think of them as like an arm sticking up, and a hand at the end of the arm,” said study author Dr. These molecules stick up from the surface of certain white blood cells, as well as cells in many other tissues of the body. HLAs may ring a bell because they’re used to determine whether organs are compatible with patients who need transplants. Here’s what he wants you to knowĪnother study, which was recently posted online as a preprint ahead of peer review and publication, found that individuals with certain changes to genes near FOXP4, which codes for a protein active in the lungs and immune system, appear to be more likely to develop long Covid. Robert WachterĪ doctor known for assessing Covid risk fell ill with the virus. Wachter posted an image of himself after his fall showing his injuries and stitches to his Twitter account.
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